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Sustainability Integration of renewable energies Particularly noteworthy among the technical challenges is the integration of renewable energies Power electronics controls the variable power generation from solar and wind energy to match the needs of the grid These sources are often remote and power electronics enables the longdistance highvoltage direct current HVDC transmission of this electricity with low losses making sure it gets to consumption centres efficiently As each conversion loses energy in the form of heat every increase in efficiency in each converter module means more renewable energy that can then be used sensibly The smooth integration of renewable energies into existing energy grids requires new approaches and innovations in power electronics For module technology the current focus is primarily on wide bandgap WBG semiconductor materials These semiconductors – particularly silicon carbide SiC and gallium nitride GaN – offer higher efficiency lower losses and the ability to operate at higher temperatures frequencies and voltages than traditional silicon devices This increases the efficiency of energy conversion which is beneficial for example in renewable energy generation and in electric vehicle EV charging stations These semiconductor technologies also offer a significantly higher power density The modules can be smaller which means they need less space for example when used in EVs But it also means that the bonding and joining technologies BJT also need to be rethought and adapted The thermal management of the modules is more complicated by the reduction in surface areas and there are challenges of connecting the high powers within and at the interfaces to the module Longterm significance and prospects The increasing importance of power electronics and technical knowhow for the energy Power electronics is of fundamental importance to the transition to sustainable energy By controlling and converting electrical energy it facilitates the efficient integration of renewable generation sources optimizes energy consumption and supports the stability of the grid with greater than ever variability in supply and demand There are technical challenges but another real concern in ensuring power electronics can deliver on its full potential is that it takes the right people with a combination of abilities as well as creativity and motivation Power electronics and the energy transition Prof Dr -Ing Aylin Bicakci Professor of Packaging and Bonding and JoiningTechnologies BJT of Mechatronics Kiel University of Applied Sciences Amodule using SiC components for 150kW emachine but small enough to fit in the palm of a hand Im ag e Kie l Uni ve rs ity o f App lie d Sc ie nc es 16 PCIM Magazine 01 2024