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Automotive 30 Elektronik International 2020 Solidstate is here and now Israeli manufacturer and Harman partner Innoviz offers with its MEMSbased solidstate LIDAR solution InnovizOne an example of a ready available LIDAR system that already meets future technical requirements Figure 3 InnovizOne was developed especially for automobile manufacturers and providers of automated taxi and delivery services The LIDAR sensor can be seamlessly integrated into system architectures delivering highresolution 3D point cloud up to a distance of 250 m regardless of light and weather conditions Combined with appropriate software the sensor enables excellent object detection classification and tracking with high angular resolution InnovizOne is certified according to ISO 26262 ISO 9001 2015 and IATF 16949 and will be used as the first solidstate LIDAR in the automobile industry in the first generation of autonomous BMW vehicles planned for 2021 Call for powerful control units The challenge for the use of LIDAR in everyday traffic of future automated and autonomous vehicles is to make appropriate use of the acquired sensor data by new powerful ambient modeling algorithms LIDAR provides the basis to create a classified 3D model of the driving environment Evaluation of this 3D point cloud requires sophisticated algorithms to recognize and classify objects from a collection of points in space Figure 4 To achieve the necessary quality of detection the selfdriving vehicle requires powerful control units to process deeplearning algorithms and neural networks For the comprehensive penetration of LIDAR solutions for SAE L3+ vehicles it is important that the hardware and software of different suppliers can be linked as well as to other sensors and ADAS solutions However highly precise evaluation of LIDAR data by this approach is only part of the problem To ensure a reliable high level of driving safety the generated environmental model must also be considered in the context of the overall SAE L3+ system For this purpose all available and relevant data sources from the different acquisition systems of the vehicle camera radar and LIDAR as well as external data from the cloud and V2X infrastructure have to be combined in an optimal way to create a highly accurate image of the environment For Harman sensor fusion is thus the key area for robust system development in the automated driving scenario The amount of data to be processed for this task places high demands on computing power At present distributed control unit architectures are still mainly used in the vehicle in which sensor data processing takes place per sensor and the corresponding information is not brought together until object level i e after detection and classification of recognized objects For the much higher requirements of the future centralized computer architectures are expected to prevail allowing both parallel processing of the different sensor data and iterative processing of regions of interest in order to ensure a better detection rate Figure 5 This architecture will already allow optimized processing and fusion for different sensors at the raw data level Breakthrough from 2024 Although highly automated vehicles and robotaxis will appear on our roads later than predicted due to regulatory and technical obstacles the race for the Figure 4 LIDAR display of point cloud and object detection photo Innoviz Perspectives for LIDAR LIDAR is one of the three essential kinds of sensor together with cameras and radar forming an integral part of the autonomous driving future Solidstate LIDAR technology in particular will reduce costs so significantly that its use will be possible in all future vehicle classes Together with BMW the first generation of the new sensors is already planned for 2021 in small series Significant volume with correspondingly optimized costs could then be available from 2024 In addition to longrange LIDAR systems shortrange solutions are expected to become increasingly relevant In particular selfdriving robotaxis and commercial vehicles are dependent on obtaining an accurate 360° image of their close surroundings at comparatively slow speeds below 50 km h Analysts are convinced of the excellent future prospects for LIDAR According to BIS Researchs Global Automotive Lidar Market - Analysis and Forecast 2018-2028 the market for automotive light detection and ranging will grow from USD 353 million in 2017 to an estimated USD 8 32 billion in 2028