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International 2020 Elektronik 23 Wireless compliant with European norms e g EN 50131-5-3 2 DEMANDS OF USERS AND STANDARDS FOR WIRELESS-BASED SECURITY APPLICATIONS From the beginning of development the requirements and standards for critical applications in a commercial building access control fire detectors etc were given priority in the IP500 standard At the same time the bestinclass IoT technologies were correlated with these requirements and embedded in the IP500 specification This topdown process from a system perspective has ensured that the IP500 standard is guaranteed to meet the requirements of target applications The main driving factors of these applications in commercial buildings are ➔ Highest robustness of wireless connection in the commercial and industrial environments ➔ Maximum security in data transmission including key management ➔ Short response time latency between sensors actuators and the infrastructure gateways ➔ High data rate with a long wireless range ➔ Scalable and robust meshed network architecture mesh topology ➔ Energy and battery management ➔ Interoperability between all OEM products ➔ Redundant network topology including gateways with databases Most standardization committees for wireless IoT systems have started from the perspective of RF radio frequency transceiver ICs integrated chip that is bottom up This means that the IC manufacturers have followed the IEEE 802 15 4 x standard and developed the corresponding IoT ICs as have the network manufacturers and the software developers However the layers for bit transmission PHY Physical and security MAC Media Access Control are only roughly described in the IEEE standard and they have no relation to the application and its requirements Developers and users must observe and also comply with the legal requirements regarding frequency usage in the respective countries However these rules pose enormous challenges for wireless IoT systems If you look at the 2 4 GHz range for example it is very busy especially through streaming applications with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth In comparison the sub-GHz range only offers narrow channels and the usable frequency bands differ from region to region To meet these challenges the IP500 Alliance has specified a dualband process that offers high data rates in the 2 4 GHz band and a long range in the sub-GHz range Due to the asynchronous meshed dualband network additional robustness and redundancy for the transmission of sensor data is achieved even in a very difficult environments The data packets are cryptographically encrypted so that the IP500 standard combines performance and security in a wireless IoT network Figure 4 Comparison of the different wireless technologies theoretical values and values of real implementations The further left a technology a product can be placed on a horizontal the better the signaltonoise ratio image IP500 Alliance